华中榴辉岩及其成因的若干问题     

胡克  张树业 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1991,(3)

榴辉岩是华中高压变质带的特征岩类之一。根据其共生的矿物组合可划分出四类榴辉岩:角闪(蓝闪)榴辉岩,蓝晶石榴辉岩、柯石英榴辉岩和石英榴辉岩。其中蓝闪榴辉岩主要分布于团麻断裂以西地区;柯石英榴辉岩均出露于团麻断裂以东地区。根据矿物对地质温压计和变质矿物组合估测,西部地段榴辉岩的形成条件为p=1.1～1.5GPa,t=540～600℃,中东部地段榴辉岩为p≥2.5GPa,t=700～800℃。 根据岩石组合、矿物组合和构造环境分析,绝大多数(如果不是全部的话)榴辉岩与围岩经历了相同的高压—超高压变质作用,是同一构造运动旋回中不同构造部位的变质产物。蓝闪榴辉岩和柯石英榴辉岩的地质环境和退变质作用特征具有重要的大地构造意义。  相似文献   

一场典型的冰雪雨水泥石流过程     

吕儒仁 《山地学报》1992,(2)

1989年7月26日,贡嘎山东坡南关沟发生了一场典型的冰雪雨水泥石流。它下行30多公里后堵塞大渡河,造成直接经济损失245万元。这场泥石流历时约3小时,持续流动时间2小时。到达大渡河时的流速9.4米/秒,最大流量6768.0立方米/秒,总径流量1716.4万立方米,总输沙量627.0万立方米,残留沉积物总方量310.4万立方米(其中泥石流堵塞大渡河的扇形地方量30.0万立方米),弯道爬高15.5—16.5米。输往堵河扇形地下游方的固体物质方量是扇形地方量的19.9倍,泥石流尾流作用强烈。  相似文献   

运用信息熵理论建立土壤剖面雨水分配模型的探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

申双和  欧阳海 《南京气象学院学报》1992,15(3):305-314

  相似文献   

夏季青藏高原热力场和环流场的诊断分析——Ⅱ:环流场的主要特征及其大型垂直环流场   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

杨伟愚  叶笃正  吴国雄 《大气科学》1992,(3)

本文使用经过青藏高原气象科学实验测站观测资料订正过的欧洲中心FGGE-Ⅲb资料,对1979年7月月平均进行分析,计算了垂直速度、散度、垂直剖面函数和速度势函数等物理量以及上升气流轨迹,给出了夏季高原主体地区环流场的主要特征和详细的高原地区不同经纬度剖面垂直环流场的特征和分布. 配合夏季高原高层强大稳定的反气旋高压带,高原主体地区为整层上升气流区,但ω场有东西两个上升中心,它们是两个对流活动上升中心,两部的中心位于狮泉河和改则之间偏北的地区,东部的位于那曲一带. 本文给出了高原地区三个主要的经向环流圈(南北两侧下沉的小环流圈、跨赤道的季风环流圈)的经度位置和高原地区与西太平洋之间发生遥相关的主要纬度位置,发现在跨赤道的季风环流圈中,在赤道以南的下沉气流主要来自高原与15°N之间,从高原上升的气流仅在对流层上部(200hPa左右)跨过赤道.从高原西部上升的气流往往从非洲至印度尼西亚一带跨过赤道,而从高原东部及其东侧我国大陆上升的气流往往下沉在太平洋和北大西洋地区.  相似文献   

Wet removal of highly soluble gases     

Peter Brimblecombe  G. A. Dawson 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1984,2(1):95-107

Partition, not kinetics, ultimately determines the concentration of highly soluble gases in cloud droplets. Partition equations are formulated and applied to idealized air-mass thunderclouds and precipitating stratus. Contribution to aqueous concentrations from sub-cloud scavenging of highly soluble gases is estimated at between 10 and 20% under relatively unpolluted conditions. Data indicate that evaporation can produce enhancements in concentration of as much as a factor of 3. The calculations give large-scale mean coefficients of wet removal of highly soluble gases of about 2.8×10^-6 s^-1 (4-day residence time) for air-mass thunderclouds and precipitating stratus. Removal is so effective that the mean scale heights of these gases should be decreased to 2 km or less. The criterion of high solubility in this paper is that K ^H (Henry's Law coefficient) > 10⁵ mol l^-1 atm^-1. Gases that are effectively highly soluble include HCl, HNO₃, H₂SO₄, H₂O₂, NH₃ in acid droplets, SO₂ in oxidizing droplets (and probably some light amines and sulfonic acids), but not SO₂ in the absence of oxidants, nor HCHO. A variation of removal coefficient and scale height with solubility is presented. A comparison of atmospheric NH₃ concentrations deduced from rain NH₄ ⁺ and measured directly gives reasonable agreement.  相似文献   

Geochemistry and genesis of brine emanations from Cretaceous strata of the Mamfe Basin, Cameroon     

E. Eseme  C.M. Agyingi  J. Foba-Tendo 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2002,35(4):467

The geochemistry of 5 salt springs in the southwestern Mamfe Basin was investigated in order to infer the mineral content of their source and to relate the genesis of the springs to the local geology. Field observations revealed that, they are cold springs (23–28 °C), and are composed of secondary brines that are neutral to alkaline with pH values ranging from 7 to 8.7. Results of chemical analysis show that the springs contain major ions that form evaporite minerals, as well as chalcophile elements. The dominant cation is Na⁺ (>96%), and the dominant anion is Cl⁻ (>99%). Based on correlation coefficients between ions that form evaporites and field occurrence of efflorescences of halite, it is suggested that the ancient evaporites in the Mamfe Basin are composed entirely of carbonate and chloride salts. Meteoric and convective fluid flow processes are responsible for the dissolution of ancient evaporites and subsequent migration of brines to the surface from underground. The brines migrate through permeable strata with migration pathways resulting from a combination of fracture porosity created by post––Cretaceous tectonism and intergranular porosity enhanced by the chemically aggressive migrating brines.  相似文献   

多普勒速度图暴雨判据和短时预报工具研究   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

蔡晓云  焦热光  卞素芬  郭虎 《气象》2001,27(7):13-15

对3824-C波段全相参多普勒天气雷达1995-1999年径向速度场资料中逆风区进行统计分析，认为近距离逆风区可成为暴雨短时预报的一个有参考价值的判据，并给出人机交互识别逆风区工具的设计和实现方法。  相似文献   

近百年中国汛期雨带类型气侯变化   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

严华生  李艳  曹杰  陈兴芳 《热带气象学报》2001,17(4):462-468

利用近百年中国夏季雨带类型资料，统计得其10年际变化趋势，并用马尔科夫概型分析的方法计算实际各状态间的转移概率及其优势成分、各状态间的可置换性和持续性，探讨了近百年雨带类型的气候变化规律及成因。  相似文献   

广东省暴雨强对流历史信息查询系统的设计     

冯业荣  林镇国 《广东气象》2001,(2):7-9

利用Visual Basic5.0设计了广东省暴雨强对流历史信息查询系统，该系统不仅能查询暴雨和强对流天气的历史资料，而且能查询发生某类天气的天气形势。此外，系统还提供实时天气图与历史天气图之间的比较，对预报非常有帮助。  相似文献   

Preliminary Evaluation of a Revised Zhang-McFarlane Convection Scheme Using the NCAR CCM3 GCM     

Guang J. Zhang  Guo Mingming 《大气科学进展》2001,18(5):710-717

l. IntroductiOnThe parameterizat1on of atmospheric convection is one of the most challenging issues inglobal climate modeling. Since convection interacts strongly with clouds and the large--scalecirculation, its representation in GCMs has a tremendous impact on the slmulation of theglobal climate and its variations. For example, in the National Center for Atmospheric Re-search (NCAR) Community Climate Model Version 2 (CCM2), excessive surface 1atent heatflux in the tropics was simulate…  相似文献